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[post_content] => Mulberry trees are grown mainly for their leaves which are the major food for silk worms. The process of growing mulberry trees involves growing and maintaining the trees, rearing silk worms and harvesting the silk.Mulberry cultivation practices
Site selection. Choose a well drained site with fertile soils and good sunlight exposure for mulberry farming. The trees thrive in sandy or loamy soils with a a pH of between 6.0 and 7.5.
Mulberry varieties. Select suitable variety depending on your location and market demand.
Land preparation. Prepare the land by ploughing, levelling and removing weeds or debris. Incorporate organic matter to improve on soil fertility and water holding abilities.
Planting. Mulberry trees can be propagated through seeds, cuttings or grafting. Plant the trees at the onset of rains maintaining a spacing of between 8 t 10 feet between the trees.
Fertilization. Apply organic manure or balanced fertilizer containing Nitrogen, potassium and phosphorous for proper growth of the mulberry trees.
prunning and training. Prune the mulberry trees regularly to maintain their shape, remove diseased or dead branches.
Silkworm rearing
Start rearing silk worms when the mulberry trees are mature.
Obtain the silk worms from a reputable source and feed them with mulberry leaves as their primary feed.
Monitor the silk worms closely toe ensure that they have an ample supply of mulberry leaves.
Maintain suitable temperature and humidity within the rearing area.
Protect the silk worms from pests and diseases by regular monitoring and employ appropriate pest control measures.
After about 25 to 30 days when silk worms complete their larval stage and spine cocoons, carefully collect the cocoons from which the silk can be harvested by a process called riling.
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[post_content] => These bees are generally smaller than honey bees and play a crucial role in surveillance. They defend the hive by biting intruders, though for humans, it feels more like a tickle.
Wooden hives are commonly used due to their durability. These hives are compartmentalized, allowing bees to utilize different chambers for various purposes. This design facilitates observation of colony growth.
The PVC stingless bee hive provides an accessible option for every farmer's garden. Constructed from PVC pipes, it is waterproof and consists of two parts: the root chamber for pollen storage and larvae growth, and the upper part for honey storage. These hives are easy to manage, water-resistant, and can be harvested without damaging honeycombs. They can be harvested more than twice a season, ensuring durability and convenient hanging from trees. Place the hive in a partially shaded area to avoid direct sunlight. If you install the hive, refrain from relocating it within a 200-meter radius. Avoid opening the brood in the lower part of the hive to prevent damage from temperature fluctuations.
To enhance hive productivity, plant more flowers around the farm with at least a 1-meter distance between hives. Collect honey exclusively from the honey chamber, not the brood chamber. Take precautions against ants, spiders, and direct sunlight to maintain the hive's integrity.
[post_title] => Stingless Honey Bee Farming in PVC Pipe | Beekeeping in Pipe
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[post_title] => Sustainable Insect and Pest Management Practices | Integrated Pest Management System
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[post_title] => Importance of Honey Bees in Agriculture | Role of Honey bee in Agriculture
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[post_content] => When farming silk worms, you need to keep the environment so clean. Nutritious food is dropped on silkworm eggs waiting to hatch and after hatching and molting, they eat a lot and grow up very fast. While feeding the silk worms, you need to evenly distribute the food to the silk worms.Farming silkworms
When bringing silk worm larvae onto the farm, the rearing place where they will be placed needs to be lined with nylon.
After putting them, the silk worms are covered with a small net to limit movement.
Silk worms main food are mulberry leaves. They are chopped at spread evenly over the silk worms. Silk worms eat 4 times a day 6 hours apart.
Cocooning
Before cocooning, the silkworms are prepared and this is done by separating healthy and unhealthy silkworms using a net.
After, the silkworms are put into a honeycomb wooden board after which the board is hanged up to rotate.
The temperature needs to be between 30 to 32 degrees and this will enable the silkworms to release the cocoons evenly.
After 4to 5 days, the cocoons can be harvested and sorted manually to remove the poor quality cocoons.
Cocoon processing
After sorting, the cocoons are then transferred to a silk factory where poor quality cocoons are still removed, the cocoons soaked in hot water to soften them.
After softening them, the cocoons are then rolled into threads. The threads are rolled onto a machine to do the spinning.
[post_title] => Silk cocoon harvesting and processing in the factory
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[post_content] => Silk production
As the silk fibre is taken by the farmer before the cycle is completed by the caterpillar, it is soaked to become loose and silk is taken by weaving machine and take 2.5 hours to make a metre of silk material.
[post_title] => Silk Worm farming and harvesting process – How is silk made in China? silk production process steps
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[post_content] => Silk worm only feed on leaves from one particular plant called the mulberry. In order to do silk worm farming on a large scale, you need to plant mulberry trees of different varieties on large scale. Popular mulberry varieties
The popular varieties of mulberry include Pakistan mulberry from Islamabad Pakistan which has very large fruits of up to 2.5 inches in length with sweet fruit and firm flesh.
Collier which is a hybrid cross of the white and red mulberry. This has purple fruits with sweet flavor.
Russian from china which has a reddish - black fruit on a tall and drought resistant tree often grown for wildlife or windbreaks.
Illinois everbearing variety which is a hybrid cross of the white and red mulberry. Black, ever sweet and large fruit from a vigorous productive tree.
Rivera which is purple-black, very sweet and long ripening.
Agronomy of mulberry
Obtain good mulberry cuttings and plant them at a spacing of 3ft by 3ft.
Fertilize the soils with compost and mulch to keep the soils evenly moist.
Prune young trees to enable the plant produce strong structural branches.
After establishment of the mulberry, do the weeding to keep the garden free from weeds and after 6 months, the farmer is free to harvest. At this time, the yield is not good enough and goes on increasing up to 2 to 3 years.
Silkworm rearing
To start silk worm farming, you need to first plant mulberry for feeding the silk worms, construct a standard rearing house which is 30 ft by 20 ft and this can accommodate 40,000 silk worms.
After, get training to equip your self with skills of rearing the silkworms.
Start rearing the silk worms from either eggs or silk larvae.
Silk worms under go complete metamorphosis though the larvae undergoes 5 different instars.
Adult male and female moth are put in a demarcated place to have them mate for 10 hours. After they are separated. The female lays eggs while the male one dies.
After laying eggs, the eggs are treated with acid and formalin to soften the egg to enable the egg hatch.
Processing the silk
After harvesting the cocoons, the cocoons are boiled to dissolve the gum.
After the cocoons are riled into threads but this depends on the type of fabric you need to make.
[post_title] => How to turn silk worm farming into a money spinner
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[post_content] => Sericulture is an ancient practice that originated from china and has spread to various parts of the world. Silk worms are the larvae of silk moth and feed on the leaves of mulberry trees.Sericulture
Sericulture involves careful management of silk worms from eggs to cocoon, extraction and processing.
Silk worm farming begins from securing silk worm eggs from a reliable source or producing them on your own. The eggs are laid by adult moth and are collected and stored under controlled conditions until they hatch.
To hatch the eggs, put them on clean trays or paper ensuring proper ventilation, and maintain suitable temperature and humidity for incubation usually around 25 to 28 degrees and 75 to 85% humidity. The eggs will hatch in to silk worm larvae in about 10 to 14 days.
The rearing containers need to be clean and spacious for the silk worm larvae. These should have adequate ventilation and easy to clean.
Ensure there is enough space for the larvae to move and feed comfortably. Feed the silk worms fresh and tender mulberry leaves several times a day.
Remove any left over feed and maintain cleanliness all way through.
Gradually increase the quantity of leaves as the larvae grow.
larval stage care
Monitor the larval stage silk worms closely for their growth and health.
Maintain suitable temperature and humidity for the larval stage which lasts 25 to 30 days.
Protect the larvae from pests and diseases by maintaining a good hygienic environment.
When the larvae is fully grown, it will stop feeding and begins spinning cocoons. Provide appropriate conditions for cocoon formation like dry and quiet areas.
The cocoons are ready for harvest after about a week. Carefully collect the cocoons without damaging them. These can be used for extracting silk or for breeding purposes to produce more silk worms.
Silk extraction
This is done by first boiling the cocoons in water to loosen the gummy substance, and then the silk filaments are unwound.
The silk thread obtained is then processed further to remove impurities and enhance its quality.
The processed silk is available for various use including textile application.
[post_title] => Complete process of silk worm farming and how silkworm cocoons are turned into silk
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Their foraging behavior, guided by their search for nectar and pollen, unwittingly facilitates the transfer of pollen grains from the male reproductive organs to their female counterparts. This vital pollination process is what brings about the development of seeds and fruits in plants.
Importance of Bees
Scientific research underscores the significance of honeybees in the agricultural landscape. Their presence has been proven to significantly augment fruit set, resulting in the production of larger, more abundant, and visually captivating fruits. Beyond this direct impact on crop yield, honeybees are instrumental in maintaining agricultural diversity by expertly pollinating a wide spectrum of crops. Their role extends even further, encompassing the intricate relationships within natural ecosystems, where they dutifully pollinate wildflowers, trees, and various other plant species.
Challenges
However, honeybees face an array of challenges that imperil their existence. Habitat loss, exposure to pesticides, pests, diseases, and the ever-looming specter of climate change all contribute to their vulnerability. Preserving honeybee populations becomes paramount to secure their pivotal function in agriculture, thus ensuring food security for generations to come.
The significance of honeybees stretches beyond their role as pollinators. Their contributions encompass a rich array of gifts bestowed upon us. From the golden sweetness of honey to the versatile applications of beeswax, the protective qualities of propolis, the nourishing royal jelly, and the nutrient-packed bee pollen, honeybees are fountains of natural treasures that enrich our lives in multifaceted ways.
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